Blood Groups, Rh+ Blood, Rh- Blood
Your blood group will be A, B, AB, or O. If you have “A” “B” or “O” blood group, you have antibodies in your blood plasma that destroy some of the other blood groups. If you have group “A” blood, you cannot receive blood that is group “B” and vice versa. If you have “O” blood, your body will create antibodies to fight “A” or “B” blood. If you have group “AB” blood however, your body will not create antibodies for any of the other blood groups.
Most of us are aware of our blood groups, which we inherit from our parents. We also know that blood transfusion is possible between two people if their blood groups are similar. But what determines our blood groups ? This is done by a protein complex called antigens on the surface of the red blood cells. These antigens are complex chemical substances found on the surface of red blood cells are different for each blood group. The two most important blood group systems in transfusion work are the ABO and Rhesus (Rh) systems.
Within the ABO system people can be one of four types - 0, A, B or AB, whilst in the Rh system they can be either Rh positive or Rh negative. Each system is inherited independently of the other. Thus, there are eight main blood groups.
Your Rh status will be listed as negative (-) or positive (+). If you have Rh- blood, your body may form antibodies against Rh+ blood and destroy it. In order for this to happen, you must first be exposed to Rh+ blood (i.e., through a blood transfusion or carrying an Rh+ fetus). This can be a problem if you have antibodies against Rh+ blood and are pregnant with an Rh+ fetus. However, there is medication that can prevent this reaction from occurring if it is given immediately after you are exposed to Rh+ blood.